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Digital Guide to Moth Identification

Tortricidae 51a0305.1 – 3640   Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman, 1967              Western Spruce Budworm

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Description/ Field Marks: See TortAI species page at idtools.org Genitalia: See TortAI species page at idtools.org Similar Species: Choristoneura fumiferana complex: The Choristoneura fumiferana complex includes C. carnana, occidentalis [freemani], fumiferana, lambertiana, orae, pinus, retiniana. Pinned specimens of related species. (Hint: select View by Region on the related species page.) Synonymy: occidentalis Freeman, 1967 (Choristoneura) - MONA 1983: 3640 freemani Razowski, 2008 (Choristoneura) ssp. a. occidentalis Freeman, 1967 (Choristoneura) - MONA 1983: 3640   Type locality: Yakima Indian Reserve, Klickitat Co., WA. ssp. b. biennis Freeman, 1967 (Choristoneura) Taxonomic Notes: Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman, 1967 is reinstated as the valid name of this species following Brunet et al. (2017), overturning the replacement name Choristoneura freemani Razowski, 2008 proposed to resolve the homonymy of C. occidentalis Walsinham, 1891. This species includes as a subspecies Choristoneura biennis Freeman, 1967 in Brunet et al. (2017), Systematic Entomology. 42: 317-328.

References

Barcode of Life (BOLD) - Caution: DNA barcode provides evidence of relatedness, not proof of identification, and some BOLD specimens shown may not be sequenced. Brunet, B.M., G.S. Blackburn, K. Muirhead, L.M. Lumley, B. Boyle, R.C. Lévesque, M. Cusson, F.A.H. Sperling, 2017. Two's company, three's a crowd: new insights on spruce budworm species boundaries using genotyping-by-sequencing in an integrative species assessment (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Systematic Entomology, 42: 317-328. Gilligan, T. M. & M. E. Epstein, 2014. Tortricids of Agricultural Importance to the United States (TortAI). Identification Technology Program (ITP), USDA/APHIS/PPQ/CPHST, Fort Collins, CO, species page at idtools.org. Powell, J. A. & P. A. Opler, 2009. Moths of Western North America, Pl. 18.49m, .50m, .51f; p. 151. Book Review and ordering Razowski, J., 2008. Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) from South Africa. 6: Choristoneura Hübner and Procrica Diakonoff. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 77: 245-254. Species Page at BugGuide.Net

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