Subfamily Pantheinae. The Pantheinae were raised to family status by Kitching and Rawlins (1998) but reinstated to subfamily status by Fibiger and Lafontaine (2005).
<ul>
      <li>Kitching IJ, Rawlins JE (1999 [1998]) The Noctuoidea. pp. 355-401. In: Kristensen NP (ed) [1998].</li>
      <li>Fibiger M, Lafontaine JD (2005) A review of the higher classification of the Noctuoidea (Lepidoptera) - with special reference to the Holarctic fauna. Esperiana 11: 7-92.</li>
  </ul>