Raphia abrupta. We tentatively retain R. abrupta as a species distinct from R. frater. Despite the lack of differences in morphology and DNA barcodes, there appears to be no clinal or local variation in phenotypes between the two taxa, with R. abrupta occurring from New Jersey to northern Kentucky and Kansas southward, and R. frater to the north. More study specimens are needed from the regions where abrupta presumably replaces frater.